World Tuberculosis Day [WHO]: 23 March

24 March is observed as World Tuberculosis Day. This day marks to raise awareness of the economic, social and health consequences caused by tuberculosis.  It also aims to step up efforts to end the global TB epidemic. The date commemorates the day in 1882 when Dr. Robert Koch announced the discovery of the bacterium that causes TB, which paved the way for diagnosing and curing this disease. This year’s theme is “Yes! We can end TB!,” conveying a message of hope that progress against the TB epidemic is possible through high-level leadership, increased investments, and faster adoption of new WHO recommendations. 

Tuberculosis is also known as 'white death'. The disease is caused by a bacteria named as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is an infection of lungs and present long in the human history. Symptoms of active TB are chronic cough with blood-containing mucus, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. TB remains a significant public health crisis and a health security threat, especially multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). In 2022, an estimated 10.6 million people fell ill with tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, including 5.8 million men, 3.5 million women and 1.3 million children. It is a contagious disease and transfers from person to person through air, sneeze, spit, and cough. 

            

While TB is most commonly known as a lung infection, it can spread to other parts of the body like the brain, spine, and kidneys. Here are some risk factors for contracting tuberculosis:

• Weakened immune system due to HIV/AIDS, diabetes, or certain medications
• Close contact with someone who has active TB
• Living in or traveling to countries with high TB rates
• Substance abuse
• Malnutrition

Remember, TB is preventable and curable. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for controlling its spread. If you experience symptoms like prolonged cough, fever, or unexplained weight loss, seek medical attention promptly.

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